DIAGNOSIS AND BIOSAFETY IN POULTRY SECTOR

Poultry diseases often progress silently. A small drop in production, a few days of increased mortality or missed clinical signs can actually indicate the onset of a much more serious infection in the flock. In particular, diseases such as AvianInfluenza (AI), Newcastle Disease(NDV) and Infectious Bursal Disease (IBDV) are threats that directly affect not only animal health but also business sustainability, trade and reputation. According to the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH), more than 250 million poultry were culled worldwide due to avian influenza in 2023 alone. This has made the economic and epidemiological impacts of Avian Influenzamore critical than ever. (Source: WOAH, 2023)

The common feature of these diseases is that they spread rapidly and cause chain losses if not detected early. However, if the disease can be recognized before it shows clinical symptoms, it can be controlled without a crisis. At this point, ELISA tests play a critical role in identifying risk areas by assessing the level of immunity on a herd basis, while molecular methods such as Real-Time PCR (qPCR) are sensitive and reliable enough to detect viruses even before symptoms begin. The 2013 study by Spackman et al. clearly demonstrated how the use of RT-PCR as the reference method for AI detection revolutionized the diagnostic process. Likewise, the OIE’s 2023 guidelines and EFSA’s 2022 reports recommend integrating these tests into disease control programs. The H5N1 and H7N9 subtypes in particular pose a high risk to both animal and public health. These subtypes require joint intervention in both veterinary and human health due to their zoonotic potential. (CDC, 2023; FAO, 2022)

At this point, as Letgen Biotechnology, we stand out with the solutions we offer. Turkey, which we represent Innovative Diagnostics brand, we offer a broad diagnostic portfolio including ELISA and qPCR kits. IDVET ELISA and Letgen qPCR test systems are developed in accordance with protocols used in reference laboratories in many countries, including the European Union. This enables Turkish manufacturers to meet global quality, while at the same time contributing to the spread of data-driven decision-making culture in the industry.

The right diagnosis at the right time sets the direction not only for individual animals, but for the entire herd and production chain. Unnecessary antibiotic applications, incorrect vaccinations, delayed quarantine decisions or missed outbreaks are often caused by incomplete or late diagnosis. However, with standardized and validated diagnostic kits, field data and laboratory accuracy can be combined. This secures not only health management, but also economic and logistical decisions.

Biosecurity is often equated with physical measures, whereas true biosecurity starts with data-driven decisions. The biggest difference is seen in businesses that prioritize diagnosis. Because diagnosis is not only a diagnostic tool, but also a control system that guides the future of production. Today, many countries have procedures for the circulation of commercial products that depend on health certificates and negative test results. This means that diagnostics are of strategic value not only for veterinary services, but also for exports and market access .

Data, not intuition, now speaks in poultry health. Success in the fight against diseases lies not only in treating them, but also in seeing them before they occur. Thanks to science-based diagnostic systems, both animal welfare is protected and the producer’s hand is strengthened. Seeing the invisible is possible with the right systems. And this is decisive not only for health, but for the entire future of the sector.

References Used:

– Spackman, E. et al. (2013) “Development of real-time RT-PCR for the detection of AvianInfluenza virus.” Source: Avian Diseases Journal

– WOAH (World Organization for Animal Health), 2023 “Global situation of avian influenza(HPAI) – Summary 2023.” Note: It is stated that more than 250 million birds were culled due to avian influenza in 2023. Web: www.woah.org

– OIE Terrestrial Manual (World Organization for Animal Health), 2023 “Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals – Avian Influenza Chapter.” Web: OIE – Terrestrial Manual

– EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), 2022 “Avian influenza Overview December 2021 – March 2022.” Web: EFSA Journal

– CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), 2023 “Avian Influenza in Birds.”It was emphasized that especially H5N1 and H7N9 subtypes carry zoonotic risk. Web: www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu

– FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), 2022 “FAO recommendations on avianinfluenza surveillance and control.” Web: www.fao.org